Nā ʻāpana hana o ke kaula mana
Laulaha,ʻO ke kaula mana AC me ka hōʻoia ULua hoʻolālā ʻia e lawe i ke au mai kahi kumu i loko o kahi pono a i ʻole ka mana mana i kāna mea kūʻai. Loaʻa iā lākou ka hoʻolālā maikaʻi, ma ke ʻano he lula, no ka hoʻololi ʻana i kēia manawa ma 10-35 kV, akā aia nā ʻano like ʻole e hoʻololi i kēia manawa ma 220-330 kV. Hoʻopili ʻia ia mau uea i nā mea hoʻonohonoho paʻa a paʻa paha.
Ma hea mākou e hoʻohana ai i ke kaula mana AC me ka hōʻoia UL?
E ʻokoʻa nui nā ʻāpana o ke kaula keleawe a i ʻole aluminika ma muli o ka mea maʻamau o ka uea. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau ʻāpana i hiki ʻole i kahi huahana ke hana me ka ʻole:
nā alakaʻi;
hoʻokuʻu kumu;
pūpū;
ka uhi waho, i hāʻawi ʻia i nā hana pale.
ʻO kēlā me kēiaʻO ke kaula mana AC me ka hōʻoia ULloaʻa kahi hoʻokaʻawale maʻamau. Pēlā nō, kapa mākou he kāʻei kāʻei. ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā kaula mana e manaʻo ʻia mai hoʻokahi a ʻelima mau conductors. Hiki i nā veins iā lākou iho he poepoe a he triangular paha ke ʻano, hiki iā lākou ke lilo i sectorial. Aia nā hiʻohiʻona me ka uea hoʻokahi a i ʻole me nā uea he nui i hana i ke kumu.
Ma hea ʻoe e kiʻi ai i ke kaula mana AC me ka hōʻoia UL?
I loko o ke kaula, hoʻololi mākou iā lākou i ka like a i ʻole ka wili. Hiki ke papa kumu mai ka 1 a i ka 6. Na kā mākou hui e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka hoʻolako ʻana i kahi kaula mana ʻekolu a i ʻole ʻehā-core (ke keleawe, aluminika) ma nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa a i ka manawa pōkole.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine he zero core i loko o ke kaula, e lawe ana i ke kuleana o ka conductor neutral, a me ke kaula kumu, kahi mea e pale ai i ka lele uila.
He aha nā hiʻohiʻona e lawe ai i ke kaula mana AC me ka hōʻoia UL?
ʻO ke kumu ʻeluaʻO ke kaula mana AC me ka hōʻoia ULhiki ke hele mai me kahi pale e hoʻemi i ka mana o ka pā electromagnetic, a hana pū i ke kahua a puni ka conductor i kēia manawa symmetrical. Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ʻano pale e hoʻoikaika i ka uea i nā hopena o waho a hoʻoikaika i kona insulation.
Inā loaʻa ka pilikia e hōʻino ʻia ke kaula ma muli o nā hopena o waho, kūpono ke hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana pale. E kūleʻa maikaʻi nā kaula mana kaua o kēia wā:
ka ʻike ʻana i nā nalo, nā ʻupena, nā rodents a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe;
Eia kekahi, hoʻokuʻi ʻia me kahi mea hana i ka wā hoʻoponopono a me nā hana ʻē aʻe;
kuʻikuʻi, kuʻi, etc.
Nā ʻano kaula mana
I kā mākou hui, hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā kaula uila mana (maʻalahi, me nā conductors keleawe o nā ʻāpana like ʻole, me ka insulation PVC, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) ma ke kumukūʻai kūpono. Loaʻa iā mākou nā koho ma ka ʻokoʻa:
pale ahi - ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia i ke ahi ākea;
Eia kekahi, pale ʻia - hāʻawi ʻia kahi pale pale foil;
ka pulupulu - me ka pale hou aku;
Pēlā nō, pale kaua - me kahi pūpū paʻa;
me ka PVC insulation - kūpono no ka lepo kanu;
Pēlā nō, me ka insulation plastic - pili i ka mahana o ke kaiapuni a me ka volta koi;
me ka hoʻokuʻu XLPE.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i kekahi kumu hoʻohālike i makemake ʻia mai iā mākou. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i ka maʻalahi, acoustic, spiral, fire-resistant, armoredʻO ke kaula mana AC me ka hōʻoia UL. Hiki i nā huahana ke lilo i lalo o ka wai, kanu ʻia a kākoʻo ponoʻī paha, a ʻo ke kumukūʻai kekahi o nā mea waiwai loa ma ka mākeke.
Mea a me ka ʻāpana o ke kaula mana AC me ka palapala hōʻoia UL
ʻElua mau ʻano mea i hiki ke hana ʻia nā conductors - alumini a me ke keleawe. ʻO ka ʻāpana keʻa o nā conductors alumini e pili pono i ka helu o nā uea e hana i ke kumu. ʻO ka hilinaʻi penei:
me ka pauku kea a hiki i 35mm2(inclusive), hele mai ke kumu ma ka uwea hoʻokahi;
Eia kekahi, me ka pauku kea a hiki i 300mm2, hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā uea maʻamau;
Me ka pauku kea o 300-800mm2, ua ma'amau ka nui o na uwea.
Inā pono ʻoe e kūʻai i nā uwea mana no ka pākaukau a i ʻole no ka waiho ʻana i waho me nā conductors keleawe ma ke kumu kūʻai o ka mea hana, he mea nui e ʻike he ʻokoʻa ke kūlana ma mua o ka alumini.
Hiki i nā conductors uea hoʻokahi me kahi ʻoki ʻoki a hiki i 16mm2, a me nā uea he nui - 120-180mm2. Me kahi ʻāpana cross-sectional o 25-90mm2, hiki ke ma'amau nā uwea ho'okahi a me kekahi.
Pono ka ʻike ʻana he ʻāpana keʻa liʻiliʻi ka zero core. Aia kēlā ʻano kumu ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe a ua kaha ʻia i ka uliuli ma lalo o ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka manawa ʻekolu.
Nā pōmaikaʻi o ke kaula mana keleawe
Loaʻa i nā uea alumini hoʻokahi mea hiki ʻole ke hōʻole ʻia - aia lākou. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka alumini ka mea alakaʻi kiʻekiʻe a maikaʻi hoʻi e hana maikaʻi loa i nā hana āpau i hāʻawi ʻia iā ia. AluminumʻO ke kaula mana AC me ka hōʻoia UL, e like me ke kānāwai, he mea maʻamau ka hana ʻana i nā laina mana lōʻihi.
Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau kumu e hōʻike ana he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā uea keleawe no nā pūnaewele home.
ʻO ka mea ʻo lākou:
- ʻoi aku ka nui o ka plastic a ʻaʻole e haki i ka wā e kulou ai, e like me ka alumini;
- Pēlā nō,ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻoheheʻe aʻaʻole hoʻonāwaliwali, e like me ka aluminika, me ka hoʻonuiʻana i ke kū'ē kū'ē,ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi;
- ʻO kahi kaula hao kila i hana ʻia me ke keleawe e kūpaʻa i nā ukana i ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke alumini, no ka mea ma ka ʻāpana like ʻole e loaʻa iā ia ka resistivity haʻahaʻa a, ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi conductivity uila kiʻekiʻe.
No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻai ʻana i ka mana ma lalo o ka lepo a i ʻole ka lepo keleawe me ka aluminiʻO ke kaula mana AC me ka hōʻoia ULme ka pauku kea a hiki i ka 16mm2 a pani i na kaula kahiko. Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻololi i nā huahana me kahi ʻāpana ʻoi aku ka nui i nā uea keleawe, akā pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke keleawe ma mua o ka alumini.
ʻO ke kaula mana AC me ka UL palapala hōʻoia
ʻO ke kumu o nā uea a me nā ʻano o kā lākou hana e hoʻopilikia nui i nā ʻano loea o ka huahana. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka uea hoʻonohonoho mana i kekahi mau ʻāpana:
- hiki i ka helu o nā veins mai hoʻokahi a ʻelima;
- mea kumu - alumini a keleawe paha;
- ʻāpana ʻāpana o ke kumu;
- ʻano hoʻokaʻawale uea.
Ma muli o kēia mau hiʻohiʻona, e hilinaʻi ʻia ka volta a ka uea e kū ai, ka mahana e mālama ai i kāna hana, a me ke ola lawelawe.
Pehea e koho ai i ke kaula mana AC kiʻekiʻe me ka palapala hōʻoia UL?
E hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kikoʻī e pili ana i ke koho ʻana i ke kaula uila uila kiʻekiʻe (me ka ʻole a i ʻole ke kaula i loko), kahi maʻamau ka huahana, pehea ke kumukūʻai a me ke ʻano o kona ola lawelawe. Ua lawa ke kelepona iā mākou a kamaʻilio me kahi loea kūpono.
Hiki i ka mea akamai ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike e like me iaʻO ke kaula mana AC me ka hōʻoia ULE hana i nā mahana mai +50 a -50 degere, a ʻo ke ola lawelawe, inā maʻamau, hiki ke piʻi i 30 mau makahiki.
Hiki ke kū i ke kaula mana kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā ʻano ʻē aʻe a hiki i 330 kV voltages. Aia nā ʻano o nā kaula no ka insulation e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka insulation. ʻO ia hoʻi:
- pepa - a hiki i 35kV;
- ka pahu - a hiki i 10kV;
- PVC - a hiki i 6kV.
Ka hopena, ke kaula mana AC me ka palapala UL
Ma muli o ke kumu, i kā mākou papa inoa hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona multicore maʻalahiʻO ke kaula mana AC me ka hōʻoia ULno ka waiho ʻana i ka lepo, ka lapalapa ahi (kūʻai i ke ahi), i nā mea kaua a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
He mea kūpono ke koho ʻana i kahi huahana e pili ana i nā hana e hāʻawi ʻia iā ia. I mea e lawelawe ai ka uea no ka manawa lōʻihi, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i nā huahana e kūpono loa i nā kūlana hana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jan-14-2022
